El objetivo principal de este artículo es presentar la ética conyugal, como motor que impulsa a las mujeres y a los hombres a permanecer en pareja conyugal. La construcción sociocultural de la promesa, como el primer vínculo de amor, produce acuerdos sucesivos, que se desarrollan en la reciprocidad del compromiso; lo prometido y lo concreto que se percibe socialmente, a través de las negociaciones, entre momentos de disputa y de afecto, entre la confianza y la responsabilidad, que convocan discernimientos éticos. (...) Todos estos pasajes generan en la pareja una acumulación de conocimientos mutuos, a manera de bienes simbólicos, que se erigen como un capital conyugal. (shrink)

Advocates of the ethical criticism of art claim that works' ethical defects or merits have an impact on their aesthetic value. Against ethical critics, autonomists claim that moral criteria should not be part of the considerations when evaluating works of art as art. Autonomism refers to the view that an artwork's aesthetic value is independent from its ethical value. The purpose of this paper is to examine how autonomism has been defended in the contemporary discussion in analytic aesthetics. I present (...) three versions of autonomism: Richard Posner's radical autonomism, James C. Anderson and Jeffrey T. Dean, and James Harold's moderate autonomism, and Francisca Pérez Carreño's robust autonomism. I argue that robust autonomism offers a stronger argument against the ethical critic. However, I point to some difficulties for Pérez Carreño's account and conclude by suggesting how further work in autonomism might go around them. (shrink)

This paper presents a pilot study that explores instances of objectless awareness during sleep: conscious experiences had during sleep that prima facie lack an object of awareness. This state of objectless awareness during sleep has been widely described by Indian contemplative traditions and has been characterised as a state of consciousness-as-such; while in it, there is nothing to be aware of, one is _merely_ conscious (cf. Evans-Wentz, 1960 ; Fremantle, 2001 ; Ponlop, 2006 ). While this phenomenon has received different (...) names in the literature, such as ‘witnessing-sleep’ and ‘clear light sleep’ among others, the specific phenomenological profile of this state has not yet been rigorously studied. This paper aims at presenting a preliminary investigation of objectless consciousness during sleep using a novel tool in qualitative research that can guide future research. Five participants experiencing objectless consciousness during sleep were interviewed following the _Micro-phenomenological Interview_ technique (MPI; Petitmengin, 2005, 2006 ). All participants reported an experience they had during sleep in which there was no scenery and no dream. This period labelled as ‘No Scenery/Void’ was either preceded by the dissolution of a lucid dream or by other forms of conscious mentation. The analysis of the results advances four experiential dimensions during this state of void, namely (1) Perception of absence, (2) Self-perception, (3) Perception of emotions, and (4) Perception of awareness. While the results are primarily explorative, they refer to themes found in the literature to describe objectless sleep and point at potential avenues of research. The results from this study are taken as indications to guide future operationalisations of this phenomenon. (shrink)

This book is a unique exploration of the idea of the "second person" in human interaction, the idea that face-to-face interactions involve a distinctive form of reciprocal mental state attributions that mediates their dynamical unfolding. Challenging the view of mental attribution as a sort of "theory of mind", Pérez and Gomila argue that the second person perspective of mental understanding is the conceptually, ontogenetically, and phylogenetically basic way of understanding mentality. Second person interaction provides the opportunity for the acquisition (...) of concepts of mental states of increasing complexity. The book reviews the growing interest in a variety of second person phenomena, both in development and in adulthood, presenting research that shows how participants in human interaction attribute psychological states of a referentially transparent kind to each other. This review documents the spontaneous preference for face-to-face interaction, from eye contact to joint attention, from forms of vitality to communicative intentions, from interaction detection to joint action, and from synchrony to interpersonal coordination. Also looking at the implications and applications of the second person perspective within fields as diverse as art and morality, this book is fascinating reading for students and academics in social and cognitive psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, and philosophy. (shrink)

En este trabajo interpretaremos un pasaje de la Metafísica de Aristóteles, 1011a17-1011b, enmarcado en la defensa del Principio de No Contradicción y en la crítica de las posiciones relativistas que lo niegan. Nuestra lectura es que Aristóteles arguye que la adecuada descripción de “lo que aparece a alguien”, i.e., los fenómenos, conduce a la afirmación del Principio. Basándonos en la conexión del Principio con la ousía que proponen numerosos intérpretes, creemos que Aristóteles sugiere, aunque sin desarrollarla, una “vía fenomenológica” para (...) alcanzar la ousía que guarda cierta similitud con la fenomenología del siglo XX. (shrink)

In this paper I discuss Rodriguez-Pereyra�s claim according to which analytical philosophy should be published exclusively in English. I focus my reply on three issues: (1) the implicit conception of philosophy and of the philosophical practice that underlies his argument, (2) the myth of the �native speaker� and (3) some values that should guide philosophy and which I propose to highlight.

Este artigo corresponde a fala integral que foi apresentada na Mesa “Três olhares sobre o Tempo do Espírito”, no 29º Congresso Internacional da Sociedade de Teologia e Ciências da Religião - Tempos do espírito: inspiração e discernimento, que teve lugar em 13 julho de 2016, na PUC-Minas. Nele teço algumas observações mais ou menos intempestivas sobre as relações entre tempo do espírito e espírito do tempo, com vistas a pensar a religiosidade na contemporaneidade mais imediata. A partir de uma rápida (...) visada no vocabulário técnico do tropo espírito a partir do modo como ele é tratado por Lalande em seu Vocabulaire technique et critique de la philosophie, o texto dialoga,sobretudo a partir de Otávio Velho, notadamente com seu livro Mais realistas do que o rei: ocidentalismo, religião e modernidades alternativas, com algumas facetas da religiosidade na contemporaneidade visando pensar as relações da religião com a cultura de consumo e a função comunicativa da religião em tempos de globalização, também tempos de comunicação generalizada, entre outras. (shrink)

Los niños con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad presentan alteraciones en el desarrollo de la función ejecutiva que se traducen en dificultades del control atencional y de la flexibilidad cognitiva. Considerando la complejidad de los procesos involucrados en la comprensión de lectura y el papel fundamental que en ellos cumple la función ejecutiva, puede esperarse que los niños con TDAH presenten diferencias en su desempeño lector en comparación con sus pares sin TDAH. El presente estudio, de carácter correlacional-predictivo, (...) tiene como propósito determinar si tales diferencias de comprensión lectora existen realmente y si es posible predecirlas a partir de la función ejecutiva. Para ello se seleccionaron 71 escolares de tercer y cuarto año de enseñanza básica y se les evaluó la habilidad de comprensión de lectura, el reconocimiento de palabras, la amplitud de la memoria de trabajo verbal, el control atencional y la velocidad de procesamiento. Con el fin de determinar qué variables tenían capacidad para predecir el nivel de comprensión de los escolares se aplicó un análisis de regresión logística binaria. Los resultados ponen en evidencia que el TDAH afecta significativamente el desempeño lector de los escolares y que las variables vinculadas a la función ejecutiva, especialmente la memoria de trabajo, son buenos predictores del rendimiento en comprensión de lectura. (shrink)

This paper stands as a contribution to the debate triggered by the problem of violence and sexuality within the representation of the Other or, in this case, the Arab as Other. We shall depart from Judith Butler’s statements about the notion of theoretical framework and its political, ethic and aesthetic implications. Afterwards, we will confront this viewpoint with the criticism of J. Massad against the alleged orientalism and ethnocentrism of LGTB activist movements from the perspective of a certain cultural specificity (...) regarding sexuality in the Arab World, as well as to analyze the polemic arosed by Massad among different interlocutors. (shrink)

Resumen:La reflexión sobre la exigencia de evitar la guerra y asegurar la paz mundial es hoy, quizá más que nunca, una de las principales tareas de la filosofía política y de la filosofía del derecho. El trabajo aborda la aportación de Virginia Woolf a esta reflexión en varios de sus escritos y, en especial, en su ensayo Tres guineas, considerado uno de los referentes más lúcidos de la genealogía femenina del pensamiento pacifista. El discurso antifascista, antimilitarista y antipatriarcal de Woolf (...) da cuenta de los vínculos existentes entre estas tres raíces profundas del belicismo. Frente a las relaciones de fuerza, el hecho de vivir fuera del imaginario del poder se presenta aquí como oportunidad de acometer tareas civilizatorias imprevisibles. La experiencia y el saber de las mujeres, marginados a lo largo de la historia, pueden ser rescatados subversiva y creativamente para generas prácticas políticas no-violentas y aspirar a una redefinición global de la vida en común.Abstract: Today, one of the main tasks of political philosophy and the philosophy of law is, perhaps, to reflect on the need to avoid war and ensure world peace. This paper discusses the contribution made by Virginia Woolf to this reflection in several of her writings and especially in her essay Three Guineas, which is regarded as one of the most striking examples of pacifist thinking by a female writer. Woolf’s anti-fascist, anti-militarist and anti-patriarchal discourse recognises the links between these three deep roots of warmongering. In the face of struggles for power, the reality of living outside the imaginary of power is presented here as an opportunity to carry out unforeseeable civilizing tasks. Women’s experience and knowledge, which has been marginalised throughout history, can be set free subversively and creatively to generate non-violent political practices and aspire to a global redefinition of coexistence. (shrink)

Journal Name: Cognitive Linguistics Issue: Ahead of print.

The objective of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis of the two models of growth and development that were applied in Peru over the past six decades (1961-2021). The objective is to conduct a comparative analysis of the Import Substitution Model (ISM) and the Liberal Model (LM), to determine which of these models has demonstrated superior performance in terms of economic growth and social welfare for the country. In this instance, the documentary and systematic review of the material (...) obtained from both physical and virtual libraries was employed as a method. Consequently, a variety of economic indicators have been examined, including the primary indicator of economic growth, gross domestic product (GDP), to account for the effects of inflation and ensure the accuracy of the data. Furthermore, the principal social indicators have been examined and contrasted to gauge the nation's social well-being. The findings of the study demonstrate that the ML has demonstrably outstripped the MSI in terms of economic growth and the enhancement of social welfare for Peruvian society over the past three decades. However, it would be erroneous to assume that this model has entirely resolved the country's economic and social challenges. (shrink)

This book is an intellectual history of intuition.

Wil Waluchow’s notion of Community’s Constitutional Morality (CCM) was developed as a tool for the identification of moral norms and considered judgments that are in some way tied to a community’s constitutional law and practices. In this paper I first argue that even though the tool was conceived under a state-based paradigm, it also works on a global scale. Then, I show how by relying on this tool we can achieve two important and clearly differentiable goals. The first goal relates (...) to efforts regarding the construction of global theories of justice. By using Waluchow’s CCM we can overcome what I call the problem of adjudication among differentexisting moral intuitions. That is, the need to choose between different and competing fundamental moral commitments that ought to guide our moral deliberations. Instead, by using CCM, we can identify Embodied Moral Intuitions that hold an epistemic advantage over Personal Moral Intuitions, which are commonly used to ground normative projects. The second goal relates to contemporary efforts to decolonize our perspectives about justice, domestic and global. By relying on Waluchow’s notion of CCM, the reality that Indigenous knowledge, despite it not having been properly acknowledged in most philosophical academic debates, is already a part of our debates about global justice becomes undeniable and a call for action to further expand our understanding of global political morality. (shrink)

In this paper, I propose to analyse two objections raised by Turner Jr in his paper “On Two Reasons Christian Theologians Should Reject The Intermediate State” in order to show that the intermediate state is an incoherent theory. As we shall see, the two untoward consequences that he mentions do not imply a metaphysical or logical contradiction. Consequently, I shall defend an Intermediate State and I shall propose briefly one metaphysical conception of the human being able to reply to Turner (...) Jr’s objections. (shrink)

L’anthropologue Roy Wagner a défini l’invention comme une manière de contester l’hypothèse selon laquelle la vie ordinaire est en grande partie déterminée. Dans ce texte, nous explorons la notion de handicap comme notion ordinaire et comme notion conventionnelle, en mettant en évidence le contraste avec la notion de normativité vitale proposée par Georges Canguilhem dans la section II du Normal et du pathologique, qui se rapprocherait de la notion d’invention que Wagner développe. Dans cette seconde approche, le concept de normativité (...) vitale décrit les efforts d’adaptation de l’individu, qu’il soit avec ou sans handicap. Alors que dans la première vision du handicap, collective, la normalisation contribue à l’altérisation du handicap (la normalisation contribue à constituer le handicap comme altérité), l’approche de l’invention de Roy Wagner, si elle était appliquée au handicap, mettrait l’accent sur la créativité individuelle. Nous défendons l’idée que cette vision différenciée du handicap, tout comme le concept de normativité vitale de Canguilhem, ouvre de nouvelles voies pour l’émancipation du handicap/des personnes handicapées au-delà du champ des représentations. (shrink)

O objetivo do artigo é examinar as noções de espontaneidade, criação e auto-engendramento na obra de Bergson, com ênfase na maneira como elas se articulam em Os dados imediatos da consciência e A evolução criadora, destacando as articulações e diferenças entre as duas obras a esse respeito.

Estratégias pedagógicas adotadas pela professora de uma escola pública em Recifemostram como é possível enfrentar os desafios advindos com a pandemia do COVID-19 emprol de uma educação de qualidade.

The original article was published without open access and with the copyright notice indicating © Springer Nature B.V. The article is now open access with the copyright residing with the authors.

COVID-19 is an acute respiratory illness with higher mortality in older adults. This condition is spread person-to-person through close contact, and among policies employed to decrease transmission are the improvement of hygiene habits and physical distancing. Although social distancing has been recognized as the best way to prevent the transmission, there are concerns that it may promote increased depression symptoms risk and anxiety, mainly in older adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to verify self-concept of social distancing in adults compared to (...) older adults. All participants, over 18 years and residents of São Paulo state, were invited to join this research study by a message application and answered an interdisciplinary questionnaire during the period from May 23 to June 23, 2020. The questions were divided into the following aspects: sociodemographic data, financial conditions, routine-related perception, perception of health, physical and emotional state, and eating habits. The younger adult group was composed of 139 participants, with a mean age of 43.15 years, and the older adult group was composed of 437 participants with a mean age of 67.59 years of both sex. Changes in routine during the period of social distance were reported by 95% of adults and 96.8% of older adults, but adults indicated more significant alterations in routine. Although there was no difference between groups for several aspects, adults revealed greater alterations in sleep quality, evacuation frequency, and more difficulty to perform daily activities at home. Further studies are necessary to follow up the impacts of social distancing among adults and older adults in different socioeconomic contexts to better understand the long-term alterations and the necessity of interventions. (shrink)

Resumen En esta discusión expongo algunas objeciones a las siguientes tesis de Velázquez 2020: 1) que tanto Descartes como Frege sostienen que las entidades aritméticas son irreductibles a procesos empíricos; 2) que, en el caso de Descartes, dichas entidades son “perennes, inherentes a la propia constitución y funcionamiento de la mente” y 3) que Frege impugnó la filosofía matemática de Mill por psicologista. Sostengo que la segunda tesis no es, per se, controversial, pero que sí lo es en el contexto (...) del artículo de Velázquez.In this discussion I present objections to the following theses in Velázquez 2020: 1) that both Descartes and Frege maintain that arithmetic entities are irreducible to empirical processes; 2) that, in the case of Descartes, these entities are “perennial, inherent to the very constitution and functioning of the mind”, and 3) that Frege contested Mill’s mathematical philosophy for being psychologistic. I argue that the second thesis is not, per se, controversial, but that it is controversial in the context of Velázquez’s article. (shrink)

En sus orígenes, en la antigua Grecia, el vocablo sofista se utilizó para designar a quien se mostraba experto en alguna actividad. Podía ser la filosofía, la poesía, la música o la adivinación, pero siempre un sofista era un maestro de sabiduría, alguien que se proponía hacer sabio a quien re..

For Williamson, knowing and believing are mental states, but believing truly and justifiedly-and-truly believing are non-mental states. This discriminatory approach is relevant to his epistemology: his main negative epistemological thesis and his main positive epistemological thesis depend on his metaphysical theory about the demarcation of the mental. I present here a problem for Williamson’s theory of the mental: it imposes implausible restrictions on possible uses of concepts and linguistic expressions. I will describe some options that Williamson would have at his (...) disposal to evade the problem; but I maintain that these options carry some degree of arbitrariness. (shrink)

Within the paradigm of political liberalism, Hobbes’s legal philosophy has the peculiarity that individual property rights are treated as conditional and derived from the State’s absolute property rights, and thus common, State and individual property are explicitly recognised as three different juridical realities. Through determining the place that Hobbes’s few references to common property hold within his legal philosophy, it is possible to turn the thought of this classic author into a very useful theoretical tool for thinking the possibilities and (...) limits of a political strategy betting for common property against State property. (shrink)